Lesson 3 - Basic Components of computer

The three basic components of computer:

·        Input /Output or I/O: is the communication between the information processing system and the world outside. Inputs; are the data and signals that received by the system. However, the outputs are the signals or data sent from it.

·        Microprocessor:  It is the heart of the computer and can be the desktop machine, server or the laptop. Also,  microprocessor known as CPU or central processer unit.

·        Storage (memory): Physical device that used to store data on a temporary or permanent in the computer. 

Lesson 4 - Table of Speed

Table of Speed

Name	Symbol	Value
millihertz	mHz	10−3 Hz
microhertz	µHz	10−6 Hz
nanohertz	nHz	10−9 Hz
picohertz	pHz	10−12 Hz
femtohertz	fHz	10−15 Hz

Lesson 4 - Table of Size

Table of Size

 

Unit	Equals	Power	Number of Zeros
8 Bits	1 Byte
1024 Bytes	1 Kilobyte	103	3
1024 Kilobytes	1 Megabyte	106	6
1024 Megabytes	1 Gigabyte	109	9
1024 Gigabytes	1 Terabyte	1012	12
1024 Terabytes	1 Petabyte	1015	15
1024 Petabytes	1 Exabyte	1018	18
1024 Exabytes	1 Zettabyte	1021	21
1024 Zettabytes	1 Yottabyte	1024	24



Lesson 3 - Questions

     ·  Computer architecture: The relationship between the hardware and the software, and it refers to a practical art relationship of sub-components of a computer.

- Questions (Lesson 3):

o What is a computer?

Programmable machine, it consists of hardware and software with sets of instructions.

o What is a program?

Sets of organized instructions that tells the computer when it’s executed.

o What is an algorithm?

Set of instructions that asks the user to perform.

o What is software?

Form of program used to operate a computer.

o What is hardware?

Physical devices, components that user can control the computer with.

o What is program execution?

Running the installed program in the computer.

      ·  The three main basic components of computer:

o Input / Output

o MicroProcessor

o Memory

Lesson 1 - Introduction

•          Introduction about Computer System:

A computer system is made up of both hardware and software. Software is another term for computer program. Software controls the computer and makes it do useful work. Without software a computer is useless. Hardware refers to the physical components that make up a computer system. These include the computer's processor, memory, monitor, keyboard, mouse, disk drive, printer and so on. In these notes we take a brief look at the functions of the different hardware components. In addition we describe the some of the essential software required for the operation of a computer system.

-    http://www.csi.ucd.ie/staff/jcarthy/home/Comsys_notes.html

Lesson 2 - Components

Component	Purpose	Function
Motherboard	Holds many components in the computer system and connect them with each other.	Is a printed board found in all modern computers.
CD/DVD Drive	Install software into the computer.	Computer application programs to install software.
Floppy Drive	Provide writing/reading data on/from floppy disks to the computer.	Share data from and to the computer.
RAM card	Saves any software that the user open it.	It is storage for data.
CPU	Perform all of the calculations which are required in order for the computer to properly function.	The brains of the computer where most calculations take place.
Graphic card	Allows the Pc to generate images effectively and takes the load from the CPU so that more graphic information can be used.	Display a compels 3-d graphics, useful for computer gaming and 3-D effects.
Case	Protect all the components inside it.	Collect the hardware components in it.
Monitor	To display graphics and texts, without a monitor a computer is useless.	Select computer's options and the output result as well as display the work done on the PC.
Hard disk	To hold programs and data files from a computer.	Is a-non-volatile ( can maintain the information even when not powered) that is used to store data from the computer
Fan (Cooler)	To reduce the heat coming from the heatsink	Allows fresh air to come into the system.
Power supply	Gives the computer all the energy it needs to work properly.	Converts the electrical power into wall socket (120 volt, 60 Hz).
Video card	Generates a supply of output images to display.	- To make games playable at the highest quality - Take information from the CPU and convert it into image and send it to the monitor - Draws over 2 million individual pixels 60 times every second.
Network Interface card (NIC)	Allows a computer to connect to a computer network.	- Provides physical link to a computer network. - Each NIC has unique number called the MAC address. - Connects with other computers or networks.
North bridge	North bridge controls the chipset function.	-North bridge connects a CPU to the memory, PCI bus (Peripheral Component Interconnect) , and the  AGP activities. - North bridge can consist of more than one seperated chip.
South bridge	South bridge controls the motherboard devices and the drives	South bridge consist of only one seperated chip
ATA	It is a computer bus interface for   connecting.	Connect with mass strange devices like H drives and optical drives.
SATA	Standard for connecting devices like optical and hard drives to the mother board.	It refers to the types of the cables and connections that follow the standard.
Battery	It is usually lithium-type battery that is directly soldered to the motherboard.	Allows the computer system to perform time-critical tasks.
BIOS	Set of instructions that a computer uses to successfully start up.	Give instructions for the Power-On Self Test (POST).
Ports	External connection devise on the computer.	Used to connect different types of peripherals.
Heatsink	Is a passive	Used to cool

 

SATA

 

ATA

 

 

E-JOURNAL

E-Journal

comments	completed	Due	Task	Student Name	Date
Not done with the images	No	-	S Started writing about the component (Hardware)	Budoor AlShawoosh	19/9/2012
-	Yes	-	Created an e-journal Created a blogger account	Budoor AlShawoosh	24/9/2012
-	Yes	-	Uploaded lesson 1 and lesson 3	Mariam Alawadhi	25/9/2012
-	Yes	-	found the three basic components and their definitions	Mariam Alkuwari	25/9/2012
Working on the video	Yes	-	Started taking photos of every component Started taking some video shots	Budoor AlShawoosh	26/9/2012

-	Yes	-	Uploaded Table of size and Table of speed	Mariam Alawadhi	26/9/2012
-	Yes	-	Uploaded standard organization table	Mariam Alkuwari	1/10/2012
-	Yes	-	Uploaded OS table	Budoor AlShawoosh	1/10/2012
-	Yes	-	Worked on the video and videoed the finishing parts. Uploaded some component images	Budoor AlShawoosh	3/10/2012
-	Yes	-	Worked on the video and videoed the finishing parts	Mariam AlKuwari	3/10/2012
-	Yes	-	Uploaded lesson 6	Mariam Alawadhi	3/10/2012
-	Yes	-	Done with the Hardware video Posted installation, pre and post installation on blogger.	Budoor AlShawoosh	8/10/2012
-	No	-	Started with capturing software installation,	Mariam Alawadhi	8/10/2012
-	Yes	-	Posted Bios information on blogger.	Mariam AlKuwari	8/10/2012
-	Yes	-	Done with the software video	Budoor AlShawoosh	10/10/2012
-	Yes	-	Finishing of the components table	Mariam AlKuwari	10/10/2012